Masaharu Yanagihara is professor of public international law at the Open University of Japan. Yanagihara is working at several academic societies: President, Japanese Society of International Law (2009-2012); Director of Planning Committee, Japan Branch, International Law Association (since 2014). His main recent publications in English are as follows: “Significance of the History of the Law of Nations in Europe and East Asia,” Recueil des cours 371(2015), pp.273-435; “‘Shioki (Control),’ ‘Fuyo (Dependency),’ and Sovereignty,” A. Roberts et al. (eds.), Comparative International Law (Oxford University Press, 2018), pp.141-157.